Mr Happy
Flashlight Enthusiast
Using my newly assembled computer data logger (see here) I've been trying a few experiments.
In the first experiment I looked at what happens when charging an NiMH cell at two different rates. It is often advised to charge small NiMH cells like AAA and AA cells at a rate of 0.5C - 1.0C. Therefore an AA Eneloop was first charged at 2000 mA (approximately 1.0C) and the voltage and temperature were recorded during the charge. Then the same cell was charged at 400 mA (approximately 0.2C) and the results compared.
Here is the result of charging at 2000 mA on a GP PowerBank GPPB14:
After the peak voltage is reached a clear dip in the voltage can be seen. This is the −∆V signal that chargers usually look for to determine when to stop charging. In this case the charger detected the dip in voltage and switched off before too much over charge was supplied.
Next we have the result of charging at 400 mA on a Duracell Power Gauge CEF21:
In this case, after the voltage reached a maximum it flattened out and did not show any significant dip. Therefore the charger did not see a signal to end the charge and kept on charging. The cell was not accepting charge any more as can be seen by the rising temperature. Eventually I stopped the charge manually to prevent too much overcharge happening to the cell.
This comparison between two charge rates shows why it is that although a low charge rate might seem kinder, it does not necessarily lead to a good result. Depending on the design of the charger it might fail to detect the end of charge point and overcharge the cells. As for kindness, even when the Eneloop was being charged at 2000 mA the peak temperature reached of about 45°C was not that excessive.
In the first experiment I looked at what happens when charging an NiMH cell at two different rates. It is often advised to charge small NiMH cells like AAA and AA cells at a rate of 0.5C - 1.0C. Therefore an AA Eneloop was first charged at 2000 mA (approximately 1.0C) and the voltage and temperature were recorded during the charge. Then the same cell was charged at 400 mA (approximately 0.2C) and the results compared.
Here is the result of charging at 2000 mA on a GP PowerBank GPPB14:
After the peak voltage is reached a clear dip in the voltage can be seen. This is the −∆V signal that chargers usually look for to determine when to stop charging. In this case the charger detected the dip in voltage and switched off before too much over charge was supplied.
Next we have the result of charging at 400 mA on a Duracell Power Gauge CEF21:
In this case, after the voltage reached a maximum it flattened out and did not show any significant dip. Therefore the charger did not see a signal to end the charge and kept on charging. The cell was not accepting charge any more as can be seen by the rising temperature. Eventually I stopped the charge manually to prevent too much overcharge happening to the cell.
This comparison between two charge rates shows why it is that although a low charge rate might seem kinder, it does not necessarily lead to a good result. Depending on the design of the charger it might fail to detect the end of charge point and overcharge the cells. As for kindness, even when the Eneloop was being charged at 2000 mA the peak temperature reached of about 45°C was not that excessive.
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