...do you guys have ideas for maximizing battery life? I was told with Li-ion it is best to recharge fully, but I don't want to run it until it runs out because I will be out on my bike and I do not want to carry around an extra battery. So I was planning on having two batteries. One always in the light and one always in the charger but if I do that, they will never fully discharge.
There are several previous threads about how to best maximize cell life, such as
this recent/current one.
And there is good information at
Battery University.
And have a thorough read of
this article.
I also recommend this book, if you're really interested:
http://www.amazon.com/dp/B005KBB74M/?tag=cpf0b6-20
As for recharging, unlike with NiMH cells, with Li-Ion cells there is no harm in recharging them as often as possible, and from any partial state of charge or depth of discharge level.
Eg, it is fine to take the cell out of the flashlight still with 90% SOC in it, and put it on the charger. The reason for this is that the charge method used on Li-Ion cells is called CC/CV, or Constant Current / Constant Voltage. This in turn means that when the battery is at any given state of charge, the charger will only apply charge current at a decreasing rate as required to keep the cell voltage at 4.2V until the cell SOC is topped up.
Also, as for the number of "cycles" that the cell lasts, if you only use 10% of the cells charge and then recharge, and do that 10 times, that would equate to only 1 cycle, not 10 cycles. Likewise, if you use 50% of the cell's capacity, and do this twice, this would equate to 1 cycle, not 2. So there is no reason to run a Li-Ion cell completely flat between charges, in fact it is harmful for the cell to do so. Li-Ion cells don't develop a so-called "memory effect" as Nickel based chemistries do either, which is another reason why you don't need to run a complete discharge cycle.
So the way you are planning to do it, by swapping the cell over each trip, and then fully charging the other cell from whatever SOC it happens to be in at that time, is ideal treatment for Li-Ion chemistry cells.
Your cells will last a lot longer that way than if you run them completely flat before swapping them each time.
Also, charge them at the lowest rate available (again, this differs from NiMH or NiCd chemistry).
The
Nitecore i2 charges at a 500mA rate, IIRC, which is nice and low: for a 3100mAh cell it's about 1/6C, which is great. It means it'll take several hours to charge fully (again, due to the CC/CV charge method), but that's fine as you will be using the alternate cell whilst that one charges, and also, because you won't have fully discharged it before putting it back on to recharge.