one other battery option would be a br425. but I think that it's less than ideal.
http://parts.digikey.com/1/parts/1220-battery-lithium-25mah-pin-type-br425.html
4.2x26mm, 25-55mAh capacity, depending on which supplier. about $3 a piece. yep, this thing looks weird
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I begin to fear that AAAA or Zinc-Air are the only options for a long running light. But as said, AAAA would need a custom-made , ultra-small dc-dc converter. and diam would have to be at least 9mm.
there is the energizer 377/376 silver oxide battery, 6.8x2.6mm, 27mAh. energizer 319, 5.8x2.7mm, 19mAh. both quite low in capacity. #10 zinc air is 97mAh. in real-world, this is probably a 4x increase in capacity (better discharge characteristic, can handle 'high' discharge currents better [SR coin cells are made primarily for watches, which have current draw in the micro- and not milliampere range])
applesauce, I hope you're going to take the firefli apart when you get it. would be interesting which led they used, if they use a resistor, and if there is an on/off switch, or if shutdown is only because of the oxygen depletion when you screw it back together.
some ideas about manufacturing...
this light could be made from commonly available steel piping, with just two threads cut in. end- and frontpiece could probably be milled, without using a cnc like most other projects here
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led could be a nichia cs or gs with a resistor. or maybe there are other leds with higher efficiency at very low output levels.
Kaichus idea (over at marketplace) of using a 3mm led is also interesting - additional protection for the led, and you could mill some sort of reflector. nichia cs are available in 3mm, and I don't think that there's much of a difference between the 5 and 3mm version, except the size
the cclight thread is here:
http://www.candlepowerforums.com/vb/showthread.php?p=2776673#post2776673
(did I just invent a name for the thing?)
currently it's 85x54x1.6mm = 7344mm³
single battery/led version could probably be made in 24x32x1.6mm = 1228mm³