About LED power measurements and divergence

bootleg2go

Enlightened
Joined
Jan 26, 2005
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440
Today I just found out a co-worker who is in my same lab, majored in optoelectronics and has worked with lasers in the past at a company called "particle measuring systems"; and had a long talk with him on the subject of lasers and such.
The first thing I found out is that I was wrong in my assumtion that the inverse squre law applies to laser/coherent light. You can calculate the power over a distance by measureing the divergence(area of illumination) at a distance. The other subject I talked with him about was the use of an LED to measure the power output of a laser like many of us are doing. Some here in the forum and myself included questioned wether the LED would provide a constant (linear) output over a large range ie would a 500mw laser that was directed into an LED provide 100 times the current output of a 5 mw. I explained the current levels were in the range of 14ua to 1000ua or 1ma. He told to me that the LED is very linear in it's operating range and will provide an output current relative the light shown on it up to a point. That point is the point of saturation, which is the point at where an increase in light power will no longer increase the current output or the other way around and increase in current through the LED will no longer increase the light output. This would mean at some point when the laser output reachs the saturation level of the LED the current produced will max out, so if the laser is powerful enough to saturate the LED, the power read from the DVM will be lower than the actual amount. Basically he said that as long as saturation does not occur and someone has come up with this divide by 2.8 to get the power in mw by using a device of known power outout like a known and measured 5mw laser, the a 500mw laser will produce 100x the current unless saturation occurs, then it will be less than 100x; however at the current levels we are looking at here <1ma no saturation should be happening yet.
To prove his point and have some fun experimenting, he is going to arrange to borrow a rather expensive power meter of some sort and well as another piece of test equipment he said was even more accurate that measured the power of a laser by the thermal energy in produces on it's sensor.
Boy this stuff is fun!!

Jack
 
Great explaination. However, standard LED will only withstand 40mW-70mW of power from its internal current. It will be overheated if hi-power light shone on the LED.
 
Hi bg2vo,
I think what your looking at is the power disapation spec. of the LED. The amount of current that can driven through the LED without saturating is in the range of 10's of milliamps. When these LEDs are used in reverse so to speak to measure laser power output, the current is much lower...even a 300mw laser produces less than 1 ma.
I've included a link to a typical LED spec.
http://cp.literature.agilent.com/litweb/pdf/5988-1857EN.pdf

Jack
 
Hi bootleg2go, yes the saturation point about the Leds it's true. However, we are talking about 10-500 microamperes, it's tested to work at least from 1mW up to 50, maybe 100 too.
Take a look here were I gathered information about many tests made from me and users.
http://usuarios.lycos.es/naqua/modules.php?name=Forums&file=viewtopic&t=132

Also, anyone can provide more tests to accurate the formula a bit more /ubbthreads/images/graemlins/grin.gif . Actually it has about 5% of variance if the tips are followed correctly.
 
Hi bootleg2go, thanks for the LED spec. It says 135mW is the max power it can dissipate. When you measure 300mW laser output and lets say 50% of the power is absorbed by the LED, then its 150mW which is above its max power.

Also from the un-even heat point of view, even an 100mW can burn tape, let alone a 300mW with a lens(the LED head act as a lens) which will focus the beam to smaller circle on the LED chip.
 
Hi Naquadah,
Thanks for the link. If you checkout my other thread "PGL-III arrived today", yesterday afternoon I found a very accurate laser power meter in another lab at work and the average power output of my PGL-III was measured at 314mw. The day before I measured it at home using the LED method and just eyeballing it and taking a visual average on the meter, I came up with an average power of 302mw. 302 vs 314 is very close, in this case within a few percent. So I would say with confidence the LED method does work for the higher powered hand held units and will give good results within 5-10% at most.

Jack
 
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