I have heard of a few instances of a predator being scared off by a light. On a show called "Hunter and Hunted" on the National Geographic channel...they were recounting how some guys in Saskatchewan CA, were walking through the woods at night looking for their missing friend. They lit up some eyes, probably a wolf, and it ran off, or at least retreated back into the woods a ways.
I should point out, though, that that wolf or one of its buddies (remember wolves are territorial, so you won't find a bunch of random wolves in an area) had already killed the missing guy, so they weren't hard up for food or anything (the guy's body was partially eaten when found) and wild animals don't just go around attacking people for no reason, so there wasn't much motivation for it to stick around. But most wolves have a natural fear of humans, so unless the wolf in question has lost its fear of humans, your mere presence would probably be effective.
And I read a story on Surefire's site about a few coyotes being scared off by an L1.
But on the other hand, I remember an incident in California where a cougar killed (and ate) one person, mauled another a few days later, and the cops went out looking for it in the darkness. From what I heard, the cougar wasn't particularly afraid of their flashlights. In fact, they made it sound like it may have been looking to make one of the cops its prey, but the cops had a thermal imager equipped chopper on their side. In another incident in Canada, a cougar attacked a young girl in broad daylight with numerous people around. I seriously doubt a flashlight would have been effective there. If you're wondering if the girl was okay, she was wearing a life preserver, which protected her neck from the bites and the girl's mom eventually managed to chase it off.
I don't know about jaguars. There aren't many in the US yet, but if cougars here and big cats in Africa are any indication, they probably won't be concerned with flashlights, either. Of course, cougars and jaguars are both stealthy ambush predators, so if they decide to attack you, you probably won't have a chance to use your flashlight. Better to have a knife.
All in all, I think it probably comes down to how familiar the animal is with humans. The more familiar it is, the less likely it is to be afraid.
And if you do happen to encounter a bear, be sure not to use a Pelican light.