The word is frequently used in Australia, but it did not originate there. According to "The Oxford English Dictionary" [OED] -- the multi-volume, "bible" of the world of etymology -- it is a "swear word," meant to replace the actual name of Jesus. It is used in place of "Christ!" or "For Christ's Sake!"
The first WRITTEN usage was in 1838. Of course, it would have been SPOKEN many years before that time.
Here is the entry from the OED:
[As this alliterates with Christ, or L. Christe! it was perhaps originally one of the alliterative or assonant substitutes for sacred names, used to avoid the appearance of profanity.]