It's Cree's code for the efficacy bin that the emitter falls into. Whichever emitter it is, ie XP-G2 etc, download the data sheet and you'll see that the emitters of that type are binned according to their efficacy, or lumens output at a given rated current input. These bins are then coded by Cree such as R3, R5, S2, T6, U2, etc.
The data sheet specific to that particular emitter will show you if the R5, for instance is near the top, middle, or bottom range of efficacy for that emitter, and tell you how many lumens output it translates to, at what tested current.
Edit: R5 =139 lumens output rated @350mA.
It has nothing to do with what type of "bulb" it is, it's simply the efficacy bin code.
http://www.cree.com/~/media/Files/C...d Modules/XLamp/Data and Binning/XLampXPG.pdf
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