There is no way Shimano 105 would be the same quality as Shimano Dura-Ace a single year later. 105 is too far down-market for that to happen. It probably takes a decade for technological advancements to trickle down from Dura-Ace to 105. Anyway, the technological advancements are not even necessary most of the time; if you have top-of-the-line bicycle parts from any era after the 1980s (when Shimano first introduced index shifting), they will work well for average riding.
I have no idea why fatbikes are so popular right now. They're super heavy and, as you point out, hard to pedal without a helper motor. I have to think it's because of the novelty of the thing; everyone who wants a road bike has one, everyone who wants a mountain bike has one, some people who want fatbikes don't have them yet. They're only really useful for riding in snow -- but I have an all-wheel-drive mountain bike for that.
Tiny cracks in carbon fiber parts *can* be dangerous, but the cracked fibers are usually still tangled with each other, so they can be easily reinforced with epoxy. If you have a small crack in a carbon fiber part, you can use a product called Lazer Bond to reinforce it; Lazer Bond is an epoxy that hardens when exposed to UV light. (it's basically the same stuff as Norland 61, but you can buy it on Amazon.) You squirt some epoxy into the cracked fibers, let it soak in, then use the UV light provided with the epoxy to harden it. Repeat until the crack is completely filled, then use wet sandpaper to smooth the surface of the repair. Superglue also works, but it has the disadvantage that it has a limited time to soak into the cracked fibers before it hardens.