...............I would like to build a set up to maintain a full size car or deep cycle SLA battery as well as a separate setup to run NiMH and/or li-ion charger off of. What is required for this? Is it cost effective?
I wouldn't worry about whether its cost effective if its something you want and/or will be used as an emergency setup. I'll mention what I've done as an example.
In a disaster situation or grid down for awhile, I plan to use the batteries in my vehicles. That will require a lot more solar power than you currently have. Also when going camping and parking in one location for days.........rather than to have to charge the battery via running the engine or a generator, I will just set out some solar panels. I have an electric 12v refrigerator that I take with me that is the primary consumption of my battery. The battery is good for about a 24hrs. without charging and still able to start the car. The # and size of solar panels is dependent on the amount of current that is being drawn from your 12v battery. For me it's an average of 1 amp or 24Ahrs in a day. Car batteries are typically around 50 to 60 amp hours. There is also the consumption of opening and closing doors and interior lights too.
So what is needed is a solar charge controller to keep the panels from over charging your battery and one or more decent sized solar panels. Preferable a charge controller that is not mounted on the back of a solar panel but a stand alone unit where you can add additional panels to it as needed. I typically do pretty good camping with 200 watts of solar panel. That is more than I need but you have the night where no power is being generated, cloud cover and the sun moving across the sky causing tree shading before I notice and readjust the location of the panel(s). So you need a lot more than your actual load draws.
My first solar panel was a 80 watt foldable panel. My next ones were two 50 watt panels. (Those went bad and won't touch that brand anymore). I then picked up a couple of 100 watt panels but that is getting into the max size for easy of portability. I now have six 100 watt panels but mostly for home base. I came across a couple of flexible foldable 80 watt Lensun panels that only weigh 6 pounds each and makes for a nice light weight portable setup for camping. My first charge controller was an Xantrex C35 PWM unit but I have since upgraded to MPPT Blue Sky controllers that I came across cheap on ebay. I mounted them in my own Harbor Freight or Pelican case. I use Anderson PowerPole connectors and can connect up multiple solar panels as long as I don't exceed the 20 amp rating. I made some 30 foot extension cables using 12/2 landscape wire. I'm out of town otherwise I'd take a picture.
I mention all this not to boast but to just give an idea on what it takes.
Like Lynx mentioned, the size or number of solar panels is determined on what appliances or stuff you plan to run from your 12v battery. If just using lithium ion or nimh chargers, the solar panels don't need to be very big. And you can get by with a fairly cheap charge controller.