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The throwiest headlamp I know of is the Thrunite TH10 V2. It uses an emitter known for throwing well (Cree XHP35 HI) and has an ANSI FL1 throw of 307 meters. For comparison the Fenix HL60 is rated for 116 meters of throw.
Keep in mind that those throw numbers are for optimal conditions. It is the range at which a surface illuminated by the light will be as brightly lit as if there were a full moon out. But lots of factors can reduce that.