In this thread the discussion was about the increased impedance when the battery is nearly empty, where I say a simple model do not cover it. All your writings has not showed otherwise.
To better focus the discussion let's recall my original suggestion
Good choice of topic. It would help to explain a bit about the reason for the voltage drop / bounce, i.e. say something about internal resistance, maybe even mention some simple cell models using resistor(s) and capacitor(s) (the motivation being that it is better to teach them how to fish than to serve them fish on a platter, i.e the better conceptual model that the reader has, the easier they can answer such FAQs on their own).
I posted that because there is
not a single word about internal resistance (or impedance) in your tutorial, yet this is a crucial component to comprehend in order to gain a better understanding of these matters.
My hope was that you would add some
simple explanation that gives the reader a rough
qualitative understanding of the crucial role that it plays here (there is certainly no need for a precise
quantitative understanding for expositions at this level). Hence my mention of simple models such as equivalent circuit models. I even provided a
sample exposition by experts along those lines. But if you prefer some other way to explain these ideas then that is fine too. Anything that lends some intuition on the crucial role played by IR is certainly better than nothing, since lack of knowledge about such is often the major gap preventing new users from properly comprehending such matters.
With you postings it is chasing links and maybe sometime hitting something. I do not play that game, I prefer direct links and luckily most people around here has it the same way.
If you are interested in learning about more precise
quantitative models then you can either start by chasing the links I provided (that's how scientific research works) or you can do some obvious web searches, such as "equivalent circuit model li-ion impedance" where you will find many pertinent papers, e.g. below is an excerpt from a random match that shows how the parameters are chosen in one particular model:
Modelling of Li-ion batteries using equivalent circuit diagrams, by A. Rahmoun, H. Beichl,
Przeglad Elektrotechniczny 88(7): 152-156 · December 2011. You can similarly locate many hundreds of articles on other models, with various strengths and weaknesses.
