I recently tested my WF-139 for overcharging with two new AW RCR123's. I put them on the charger and pulled both of them off when they turned green. They checked 4.14 and 4.18. I put them both back on the charger and let them sit for nine more hours. Pulled them off and they checked 4.16 and 4.17.
No idea why some of these will overcharge and some won't.
That's what it does with my AW RCR123s as well... I've never been able to get a final chage voltage higher than about 4.18V (when the cells were new) on teh WF-139 on my RCR123s.. I have a theory that is rather loose.. but this has inspired me to run a test.. I'm currently charging my RCR123s up with a volt-meter attached, I'm going to monitor the charge voltage as it ramps up and see what's going on. Then maybe after I run em down some, I'll do the same test again, but try to rig it up to measure charging current and see if a CV stage even seems to be present at all.
Ideally a li-ion cell should be charged at around 0.5-1C until the voltage reaches 4.20V, at which point the charger should hold at 4.20V until the charge rate drops to ~0.1C...
Theory #1:
that the CV stage of the WF-139 is either non-existent, or set to trip off at say, something like 225mA, which would be an appropriate termination point for an 18650. The problem is that, it's reaching a "full charge voltage" on the little cells quickly in CC mode, but not holding a CV at 4.20V all the way down to the ~60mA it would need to to get RCR123s to hold at 4.20V. So it trips off into "green" mode prematurely on some small cells.
Theory #2:
The CC stage is actually set to terminate at something higher than 4.20V, with the hope that the cell will settle after charging to around 4.20V. The CV stage is basically non-existent. this type of charging is considered semi-reasonable provided it is designed for a tighter range of cell capacity. As long as the cell is only seeing higher than 4.20V for the short time that the charge is completing, most cells can handle this type of charge just fine.
Theory #3:
Assuming theory #2 is correct, and it is just ramping up to some target voltage above 4.20V. Perhaps the AW RCR123s have a lower over-volt limit set, and are tripping the charge off before it completes, causing the cell to then settle to ~4.16V, the light goes green, but since the cells are no where near the 4.20V "full" limit, the slow trickle rate would take a LONG time to ever get em there.
It's possible that aspects of all 3 theories are at play with the WF-139.
More thoughts on this later after I run some tests...
TESTING RESULTS:
https://www.candlepowerforums.com/threads/205036