:welcome:
There is no quick answer. So take your time learning and deciding.
I have seen too many newcomers buy half a dozen lights in the excitement of finding CPF, then post "My wife will kill me."
I have also seen many people spend $100 and more, way more, then try to sell the light in less than a month because they find it does not suit them.
Start with
The welcome mat.
http://www.candlepowerforums.com/vb/showthread.php?t=172991
A few things to consider while making your choice:
1) SIZE
The brightest are usually HUGE
Tebore got a sore back carrying that HID around that night. (A couple of CPF members have lights that have to be towed behind a truck!)
a) So do you need something that fits on a keychain so you have it with you as long as you have your keys;
b) Something bigger but still fit inside a pocket;
c) Something bigger but can be holster carried on a belt;
d) Something that will go in a backpack, briefcase, vehicle, kitchen drawer;
e) I don't care the size and weight, I only use it for demonstration purposes.
2) TINT
a) Most LED lights are 'pure white', they usually have too much blue in them. They are fine for indoors or downtown where most walls are white or gray;
b) If you go for 'a walk in the woods' LEDs are not great as they turn green leaves blue and do not differentiate the various brown colours of tree trunks and leaves during fall colour changes well. Many CPF members will stick with incans for that purpose;
c) There is a new breed of LED lights called neutral warm white. They have much less blue than the regular LEDs but not as yellow as the incans so are nice LEDs for outdoors. The downside - a dirty brown when used indoors.
d) High CRI LEDs - these are LEDs that are closest to sunlight in tint but they are not the brightest in their class.
3) PRICE
You have specified a maximum of $300. Would you be willing to split that up into multiple torches so the maximum is still under $300?
The way I see it is you need
a) An EDC
AND A BACKUP. I was caught with a dead battery in my Solitaire during the big blackout of 2003 and have to feel my way up many flights of stairs. Now I always carry at least 2 torches.
b) A light in every vehicle.
c) A utility light in the kitchen drawer, workshop, and/or by your bedside.
d) A dedicated outdoors light if required.
If you show up with that great big HID in the picture above, everybody expects it to be bright - no surprise,
If you dig up a Fenix L0D CE/L0D Q4/LD01 out of your pocket, but have stealthily replaced the AAA battery with an 10440 Li-on the 140-200 lumens, while only 1/20th-1/30th that of the HID, will generate a lot of OOOHs and AAAHs. Nobody expects that kind of output from
a tiny AAA flashlight.
The L0D CE is the one on the keychain on the right. (The minimag is a cutdown 1AA variant).