Xenon (
Xe)
Atomic number 54
Atomic weight 131.3
Relatively inert gaseous element. Found in the atmosphere as 9 stable isotopes at a ratio of 1 part xenon in 20,000,000 parts air, unless somebody has stomped on a flash camera or run over a flashlight nearby, causing bulb breakage.
Used primarily as fill for photographic flashlamps, and has shown increasing use in flashlight bulbs to slow the evaporation of tungsten filament material, allowing the filaments to be operated at higher temperatures. Automotive HID lamps also employ a xenon fill to provide immediate light before the metal halide component in the fill becomes active.
Xenon is normally stable and inert with 0 valence and is not toxic; however the compounds made from it are very strong oxidizers (highly corrosive) and are toxic.
Among the compounds of xenon now reported are sodium perxenate, xenon deuterate, xenon hydrate, difluoride, tetrafluoride, and hexafluoride. Xenon trioxide, which is highly explosive, has been prepared. More than 80 xenon compounds have been made with xenon chemically bonded to fluorine and oxygen. Some xenon compounds are colored. Metallic xenon has been produced, using several hundred kilobars of pressure.