Low Power LED Driver over Large V-range ???

johnnybgood

Newly Enlightened
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Sep 6, 2010
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Hi All. I'm really new to this, so please be gentle! I spent a few hours looking through this forum, but so far haven't found answers to exactly what I'm looking for.

Goal:
- I want to be able to hook up a battery cell (or cells) to a circuit which will light a low power consumption LED.
- I'd like for the circuit to be able to light the LED over a wide voltage range so that I can start with a few battery cells in series and the LED will stay lit as the batteries decay and voltage drops
- Since electronics is not my field, it would be great if something like this already exists and can be purchased, or would require minimum soldering or modification
- Maximizing battery life and keeping power consumption low is desirable

What I've found so far:
- What looks the most promising to me so far is the ZXSC310 from Zetec which allows for a battery input voltage of 0.8V to 8V
- There are 3 example circuits given in the ZXSC310 datasheet (http://www.diodes.com/datasheets/ZXSC310.pdf): one for backlighting, one for maximum light and one for maximum battery life

- A ZXSC310 eval board for the backlighting circuit shown on pdf page 6 is available. This circuit isn't too much different from the maximum battery life circuit shown on pdf page 8. Ie: I could remove the capacitor and Shottky diode from the eval board. Then, the only differences would be:
- An FMMT618 NPN would be on the eval board versus a FMMT617 NPN suggested in the "max battery life" circuit. Would this have a major impact on battery power consumption?
- The inductor would be 68 uH versus the 100 uH suggested in the "max battery life" circuit. Would this have a major impact on battery power consumption?
- The sense resistor would be different -- I'm guessing I'd have to swap this out for the 330 mOhm sense resistor suggested in the "max battery life" circuit
- Obviously, there are 4 LEDs in the backlight circuit, and 1 in the max battery life circuit. I could remove 3 LEDS from the eval board

So:
- If I got this ZXSC310 Eval board, and made these modifications, would I accomplish what I set out to do?
- Is there an easier way to do this, another eval board better suited to my goals, or something else I should be looking at?

Further questions:
- If I wanted to remove all 4 LEDs on that board and swap in 1 lower power consumption LED and then supply it with the appropriate amperage or just supply less amperage to 1 unremoved LED that the board comes with, how would I calculate the needed Rsense value (assuming I stick with the boards 68 uH inductor)? How would changing the inductor to the recommended 100 uH change the Rsense calculation.

Finally:
- How do I figure the power consumption and current draw on my battery cell(s) for this circuit at various input voltages?

Ok -- lots of questions; obviously I'm a real newbie. Thank you to anyone who can offer help with any of these questions!

:whistle:

Johnny
 
All three schematics are for step-up regulators.
That means that the inut voltage must always be below the output voltage.
So, with only one LED, input voltage should not be higher than 3,5V or so.
8V is the maximum recommended supply voltage of the IC itself, and can, with this schematic, only be used with a minimum of 3 LEDs in series.

The transistor and inductor will have some influence on efficiency, but I expect nothing dramatic.
The resistor determines the peak current through the inductor.
When you have only one LED to drive, the current will ramp down more slowly than when you drive 3 or 4, so it will be good to increase resistor value as you already planned.
Sense resistor value should not depend heavily on inductor value. With a smaller inductor, frequency will be higher, that's all.
 
Lion251: Thanks very much for the feedback. I have ordered the eval board and will get to play around with it a little bit next week...

How complex (or possible) would a circuit be that would incorporate both boost and buck components so that a voltage input covering the full range the IC would work over can be used as a battery supply (ie: 0.8V to 8V)?

Thanks,

Johnny
 
Not very complex.
Just connect the anode of the LED (and, if present, the 'lower' lead of the output capacitor) to the battery voltage instead of ground. In this case, make sure that D1 is present, as in the maximum brightness example, to protect the LED from large reverse voltages (Vbat + Vled!).
Efficiency will be a little lower, but the circuit is working in voltage inverting mode now, and can handle the full input range of 0.8-8V.
 
So the circuit modifications you describe would result in the following, right?

boost-buck-modified-circuit.png
 
Yup. When the transistor switches off, voltage on the collector of Q1 rises to above the battery voltage, and the current in the inductor is dumped into the LED.
 

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