Methods of measurement

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precisionworks

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This job shows some measuring tools that aren't familiar to everyone. The job involves reducing a .8750" OD to fit a .7895" blade bore. My target dimension is .7890", so the two parts fit together nicely without much play (the blade turns at 12,000 rpm, so the fit needs to be close).


Diamond blade (4.5") resting on top of Inside micrometer. This one came from J&L or Enco, around $50 on sale, and it repeats well. Even has decent feel for a Chinese mic. Digital calipers are almost useless for this type of measurement, as the jaws on even the best ones are so springy that you have very little feel for part contact. For comparison, this bore was first checked with my Mitu digital, which read .7910". The ID mic read a consistent .7895". That's a big enough difference to cause fitment problems on this job.
blade1.jpg



The "jaws" are two hardened pins, and the mic includes a ring gage for setting. Graduations are large enough that it's easy to split thousandths.
blade2.jpg


There are times when a conventional micrometer will not work. The body of the mic prevents using it on this job.
blade3.jpg


A vernier caliper is an ideal tool for this measurement. Starrett made this Model 123, about $50 on eBay. The vernier scale allows accurate measurement to .001", and a screw adjusted slider lets you feel when you have light part contact, just like tightening down a micrometer on a part.
blade4.jpg


The vernier also has long enough jaws to work around the chuck. The two parallels, behind the part, space the part out enough to give tool access - they are removed before starting the machine.
blade5.jpg


The dial indicator (right of tool post) is held by a FlexBar arm. Really nice for getting around near the headstock. The other dial indicator is the depth limit.
blade6.jpg


Indicator with mag back.
blade7.jpg


Finished part on left.
blade8.jpg



Like so many jobs running multiples, it took 45 minutes to set up & find the correct diameter setting, and 15 minutes more to run all five parts.
 
I love the 50 division Starrett verniers, but had to pay WAY more than that for mine, many years ago. Good tools are satisfying to the soul.
 
The current issue of The Fabricator has an article titled "Precision Measurement 101", written by two tech people from Starrett. They mention that the best digital or dial slide calipers are accurate to .0020" over 12". The best vernier calipers are accurate to .0005" over 12".

Pretty amazing that one of the oldest measuring tools is 400% more accurate than the newest gee-whiz electronic caliper:D
 
Barry, slightly off-topic: What about measurement tools from Lufkin? Any good? Why some Lufkin stuff "looks" a lot like Starrett stuff?

Will
 
Barry, I was hoping you'll show us how to enlarge that diamond blade center hole. And the work holding technique. It would be a good challenge for most beginners.
 
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show us how to enlarge that diamond blade center hole.
This customer didn't want the centers bored out, as he goes through lots of blades cutting fiberglass. But it wouldn't be hard to do on the mill with a boring head. The easiest way to secure the blade to the table is to make a sandwich, with a circular aluminum plate below & above the blade. Those circles would be smaller than blade diameter (to avoid the diamond edge), and would have a center hole slightly larger than the finished bore. Clamp the sandwich to the table, pick up the center hole with a dial test indicator, and bore to size.

measurement tools from Lufkin? Any good?
The two brands I most often see in machinist's chests, when they have to pay for their own tools, are Starrett & Mitutoyo. There are some other good mics, but no companies have tighter quality control than Starrett & Mitu. FWIW, my 0-12" outside mics are Mitu, 0-12" inside mics are Starrett, 0-6" depth mics are Mitu, 12" vernier is Starrett, & 18" vernier is Mitu. All those were found at bargain prices on eBay, although it's tougher to get screaming deals on Starrett.
 

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