The old Cree XR-E R2's are a die of 1mm by 1mm, capable of being driven to something like 0.75 amps, and 200+ lumens.
Current XP-G R5 is some 1.25mm by 1.25mm capable of driving to some 1.5 amps, and 300+ lumens.
New XM-L T6 2mm by 2mm, capable of 3 amps and 1000 lumens.
A Luminus SST-50 is 2.25mm by 2.25mm, driven up to 5 amps, to deliver 1000 lumens.
A Luminus SST-90 emitter is 3mm by 3mm, driven up to some 9 amp, to deliver a max of some 2250 lumens.
The XM-L, SST-50 & 90 are big emitters, mainly for big flashlights, with big reflectors.
I reckon they must keep the old XP-G R5 1.25mm by 1.25mm smaller emitters, and extract more lumens out of them, so that the small pocket size flashlights still have good throw.
They can extract more light by increasing the efficiency, since only 5% of the energy is turned into light, while the other 95% is turned into heat!
They could also make the XP-G die more heat resistant, so that it can be driven to higher amperages.
Presently, the XP-G R5 can only be driven to some 1.5 amps, above that, beyond specifications, it can melt or burn out.
So if we can drive the XP-G to say 3 amps, just like the XM-L's, then the XP-G R5 will output more light and lumens.
The new XM-L's can normally manage 3 amps, coz it's bigger size can withstand more heat build up.
Thus, they must try to make XP-G R5 emitters more thermally efficient [with less heat loss], and more resistant to heat build up, to be able to accept higher current/amperage, without increasing the die size from the original 1.25mm by 1.25mm, to maintain good throw in pocket size flashlights with compact reflectors that are often only 1 inch in diameter...