Seriously, do any animals see IR?
yes. Owls can see into the IR wavelengths, perhaps some other animals can also. last i read of experiments (decades ago) it is thought that both domestic and wild canines can also see into the IR wavelengths. Also, canine low light vision (different from seeing IR wavelengths) is at least 5x better than humans.
just to address other Posts in this Thread relative to light, etc. as deterrents against agressive canines:
i have trained dogs for over 20yr (basic & advanced obedience, on-lead/off-lead, distraction training, verbal/non-verbal commands, also "whisper" commands which were used by the military in the 70's, attempted behavior modification of behaviors - mixed success in this regard, tracking, and personal protection).
i get mixed reactions from my dogs with LEDs - sometimes blink/flinch reaction; sometimes not. they sure act differently than humans though in terms of degree and duration of the reaction. i haven't done systematic tests and haven't figured out yet why the variation in reactions. i wouldn't trust light as a deterrent for an aggressive dog on an attack run. i haven't tried incands either, so i hesitate to comment. dogs are quite different in temperment and also state of agitation - as such reactions can run a gamut of responses to stimuli. canine psyche and instinct is the primary key to their responses, followed by training (taught by their mother, learned as part of their life experience, or informally/formally taught to them by a human).
personally, pepper-spray is my choice. i wouldn't count on an animal with nearly 70% of its brain geared toward olfactory to react to visual cues when it is highly riled and acting instinctively. it's illegal to carry pepper-spray [for self-defense purposes - don't know what other purposes it has?!!!] in my State, but one can genreally get away with a product like "Halt". USPS Carriers are "armed" with it. if one is walking a dog or in an area where people, in violation of local regulations/laws allow their dogs off-lead or to roam free - IF the LEO who spots the small can of HALT is not in a bad mood. i only carry a much larger can of bear spray when backpacking - haven't had any LE related problems yet in this regard (it's illegal to do so, however, in Canada [or at least Canadian Parks], we read this before a trip to Banff - not sure of the rational with Griz' in Banff. bears have a more highly developed olfactory sense than even bloodhounds.
canine hearing is so good that they can hear cockroaches crawling around inside of a building's walls. they just DON'T feel the need to "alert" or react to the sound. yet, indoors, with the windows open, they'll react to the sound of my wife's car when it is just over 1/4mile away (her car is a Mazda 3 - so, fairly quiet). their hearing can also pinpoint the source of a sound to a 5 deg arc, whereas the best humans can do is ~20deg. our dogs make great doorbells!
again, i haven't tried sound as a deterrent, but have used it (air powered boat horns) in correcting bad behaviors (e.g. digging - sound sometimes coupled with scent oriented deterrents such as lemon juice/diluted-vinegar filled balloons). i wouldn't count on sound with a highly aggressive dog. it may startle some dogs (my favorite Akita, which i was training for Shutzhund competition, didn't flinch at a .357 Magnum revolver discharged six feet away from him - yet, he would respond to whisper commands at least 60' away with me out of sight hiding behind something), but other dogs, especially if riled probably won't be deterred. not sure how hi-freq hi-amplitude sound would work. again, probably not as well as pepper-spray if the dog is highly riled and on an attack run. it's just how their brain is wired for olfactory.
electricity (tasers/stun-guns) might be lethal to canines as the electrolyte content of an animals blood and fluids is higher than humans - so, this should work well (ranged tasers obviously a better choice than contact-stun weapons which would probably need electrodes long enough to penetrate fur and contact skin). however, i haven't personally deterred aggressive dogs in this fashion, though i have used purpose made remotely activated electric collars for training on problem dogs (off-lead runners, primarily) - hence, my comments on electrode length as different lengths are employed in training depending upon the length and thickness of the dog's coat.
my two shekels.
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i've owned or currently own Akitas, Rottweilers, Boxers, Pugs, Cairn Terriers, and a Maltese (go ahead...laugh - he has a lion's heart and has taken on other larger dogs, including a stranger's Boxer [i said he had heart, not brains] and some Golden Retreivers [i know, typically not the most agressive, but still over 10x the weight of the Maltese]). sometimes it's not the size of the dog in the fight, but the size of the fight in the dog - typically Terriers are notable in this regard. the Maltese survived the Boxer encounter, probably only b/c the Boxer was only a year old - and just out of "puppyhood" (only a few months of testosterone). had the Boxer been 18mos or 2yr old, unless he considered the tiny Maltese a sort of pup which would get away with a more "gentle" correction (a nip perhaps) for bad behavior, it would have been "Game over, Man" as Bill Paxton voices in "Alien 2" for our Maltese. my wife has since learned to keep the lil' fella' away from other dogs - particularly other male dogs.
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EDIT:
as far as shooting a dog, it obviously works. i've seen a LEO training video where a knife wielding man 21' from a LEO is able to charge the LEO before he can unholster his weapon, take aim, and shoot (which is why the LEO should have had his weapon drawn as he challenged the man wielding the knife - the POINT (no pun intended) of this segment of the training video; the LEO both remained stationary in one attack and tried back away in various fashions in other "attacks" - same result each time - LEO got "cut" bad). dogs can charge much faster than a human (figure a dog 25mph to 35mph [30mph = 44fps]; some faster - in two or three strides some dogs can be up to those speeds). just keep this in mind. don't underestimate the speed and quickness of a dog. [on a similar note, years ago, i saw a hunting show on TV; the "game" - a rogue African Lion (up to 50mph charge) maybe 100' away (and wounded) charging a hunter who couldn't get a single aimed shot off - though he managed one panicked wild shot (the lion was traveling ~70fps at just under 50mph), but off camera rifles ALREADY AIMED in the lion's direction took the lion down.]