moon lander said:
i thought i heard that CFLs contain small amounts of mercury.
A couple milligrams, yes. Mercury is integral to the design of a fluorescent lamp. The mercury vapor is excited by an electric arc, which emits UV radiation. This then strikes a phosphor coating that lines the tube that converts the UV into visible light. White LEDs work the same way, except that they produce blue light, a lot of which goes straight out the front, and some of which is converted to a yellow-green using a phosphor. The problem with this is that the red is deficient. CFLs make up for this by using separate red, green, and blue phosphors. An LED with blue + red and green separate phosphors would be a big improvement.
anyhow, leds are very easy to dim, just supply less voltage. is that what the dimmer switch on my 3 way lamp does? if so, there should be no problem dimming led bulbs.
So are fluorescent lamps on electronic ballasts -- unlike the old flickery fluorescent lights, the electronic ballasts work first by converting the incoming power to DC. They then "chop" that into a square wave that cycles 20,000 times a second (no flickering). Dimming can be accomplished with pulse-width modulation.
The problem is making a dimmable bulb
that works in a standard household dimmer. Some dimmers work by varying the voltage, others work with pulse width modulation, and most trickle some current through at all times, even when they are off. Any number of these can interfere with the integrated ballast in the driver circuits which often relies on a predictable 60Hz 120V power supply to function properly.
So while LEDs and even fluorescents can be dimmed, they will usually require a dedicated ballast with a dimming feature to do so. Personally, I wish there were more such products on the market. Incan is actually much worse to dim from an efficiency standpoint, as the dimmer you go with it, the less efficient it gets. Fluorescent usually stays about the same, and LED is more efficient when dimmed.
LED lights interest me in dusk to dawn applications. These are the long run lights where saving a few watts adds up in the long run. I have a 13w fluorescent for a porch light that is brighter than is needed and attracts bugs like crazy. But its still the most miserly light I could find to do the job. An LED light at around 5 watts would really please me due to its reliability, no cold-start issues, and because an 8 watt difference for 10 hours a night, every single night, adds up.
True. Another big advantage of LEDs is that you could easily throw a reflctor or optic on and only light up what you need. Fluroescent is great for lighting up a whole room, or a workbench or something, but for spotlighting, LEDs rule for efficiency. The biggest difference with LEDs IMO is their ability to be rapid-cycled. Slapping one of those on a motion sensor for a porch light, where it would run dimmed most of the dim, and get brighter when someone approaches would be ideal. Unlike fluorescent or incan (without soft-start), flashing LEDs off and on a lot doesn't wear them out at all.