The biggest light with the most cells in it, will give the longest runtime.
Look at
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rechargeable_battery, to find out what chemistry has the highest 'energy density'.
There is no cell that gives the best runtime. There are cells with the highest energy density, the longest runtime for the weight.
I would choose Lithium-Ion, like the 18650.
Considering the given 'energy density', each cell holds a certain amount of ampere hour' . When you have chosen a light, use it, so you can estimate in advance how many spare cells you have to carry in your backpack when you are in the woods for a week.
Then don't take a headlamp. But do take another flashlight so you don't have to replace batteries without eyes.
Very strong throw and floody....that means a 'zoom'-light or flood-to-throw.
There are very little zoom-lights with high output. From technical point they are hard to make, making them expensive.
Search for Ledlenser. Remember, you need a big diameter to have throw. A Trustfire or Romisen with a 30mm lens doesn't cut it. Think of 50mm.
I have about six zoom lights, and none of the budgetlights is waterproof, not even the Ledlenser. There are no waterproof zoomlights.
However, there are lights that are throwy, but also have spill in an amount that is usefull.
Several Fenix lights have good beams for you with throw and enough flood. The Fenix TK40 is much favoured for it.
Do a search on 'beamshots', 'review' or 'comparison' to see the differences in the beams of flashlights available.
I would choose the Fenix TK35, reviewed here
Link1 and
Link2. Compact and more then sufficient.
From reviews I know that there are four reasons why I choose Fenix over Trustfire:
- They have better heatsinking, meaning u use less batteries in a week.
- The driver is 'potted', sealed in epoxy. Humidity, water, rain, will not harm the vital parts. The led and reflector are sealed also by O-rings and epoxy.
- They are not much more expensive then budgetlights.
Of course, as I haven't been in the rainforrest, and you go there all the time, you can tell me better if it is imortant to have a light that is moist proof.